Class 10 Science: Understanding the Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases — Practice Questions with Answers

A certain solution reacts with crushed eggshells, which are primarily calcium carbonate, to produce a gas that makes lime-water appear milky. What does this solution contain?

1. NaCl
2. HCl
3. LiCl
4. KCl

Consider the following reactions: (i) Dilute hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide (ii) Magnesium oxide with dilute hydrochloric acid (iii) Carbon dioxide with sodium hydroxide What is the common outcome observed in all three cases?

1. Salt and water is formed
2. Neutral salts are formed
3. Hydrogen gas is formed
4. Acidic salts are formed

When a few pieces of granulated zinc are added to 2 mL of sodium hydroxide solution in a test tube and warmed, what is the chemical product formed?

1. Na₂ZnO
2. NaZnO₂
3. Na₂ZnO₂
4. NaZn(OH)₄

Tamarind juice changes the color of blue litmus paper to red. This acidic property is due to the presence of which chemical compound?

1. Acetic acid
2. Methanoic acid
3. Oxalic acid
4. Tartaric acid

From the options provided, identify the pair that consists only of natural indicators.

1. Litmus and methyl orange
2. Turmeric and Litmus
3. Phenolphthalein and methyl orange
4. Methyl orange and Turmeric

Solid calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to form calcium hydroxide, accompanied by the liberation of heat. Based on this information, what can be concluded about the nature of the reaction and the pH of the solution formed?

1. The reaction is endothermic and the pH of the solution is more than 7.
2. The reaction is exothermic and the pH of the solution is 7.
3. The reaction is endothermic and the pH of the solution is 7.
4. The reaction is exothermic and the pH of the solution is more than 7.

Identify the oxide from the given options that can react with both hydrochloric acid (HCl) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) to form a corresponding salt and water.

1. CuO
2. Al₂O₃
3. Na₂O
4. K₂O

Identify the gas evolved and its characteristic property when sodium bicarbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.

1. Hydrogen; it gives a pop sound with a burning match stick.
2. Hydrogen; it turns lime water milky.
3. Carbon dioxide; it turns lime water milky.
4. Carbon dioxide; it blows off a burning match stick with a pop sound.

Explain why sodium hydroxide is classified as an alkali, while ferric hydroxide is not.

1. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base, while ferric hydroxide is a weak base.
2. Sodium hydroxide is a water-soluble base, whereas ferric hydroxide is a base that is not soluble in water.
3. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base, while ferric hydroxide is a strong acid.
4. Both sodium hydroxide and ferric hydroxide are strong bases, but the solubility of sodium hydroxide in water is comparatively higher.

From the given options, choose the pair that represents olfactory indicators.

1. Clove oil and vanilla essence
2. Onion and turmeric
3. Clove oil and litmus paper
4. Vanilla and methyl orange

Three test tubes, labeled A, B, and C, contain distilled water, an acidic solution, and a basic solution, respectively. If red litmus solution is used to test these solutions, what will be the observed color changes in each test tube?

1. A - no change; B - becomes dark red; C - becomes blue
2. A - becomes light red; B - becomes blue; C - becomes red
3. A - becomes red; B - no change; C - becomes blue
4. A - becomes light red; B - becomes dark red; C - becomes blue

What is the correct method for diluting concentrated sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄)?

1. Adding water to the acid with constant stirring
2. Adding the acid to water with constant stirring
3. Adding water to the acid, followed by a base
4. Adding a base to the acid, followed by cold water

From the given options, select the statement that is true for bases.

1. Bases have a bitter taste and turn blue litmus paper red.
2. Bases have a pH value less than 7.
3. Bases have a sour taste and change red litmus paper to blue.
4. Bases cause phenolphthalein indicator to turn pink.

A visually challenged student needs to perform a lab test to detect the presence of an acid in a given solution. Which of the following acid-base indicators would be most suitable for this student?

1. Blue litmus
2. Clove oil
3. Red cabbage extract
4. Hibiscus extract

Identify the acid that is produced in the human stomach during the process of digestion.

1. Hydrochloric acid
2. Oxalic acid
3. Lactic acid
4. Acetic acid